•  
  •  
 

Keywords

development, measurement tool, sport anxiety

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan alat ukur yang memiliki validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik dan dapat diterapkan sesuai kondisi di Indonesia. Subjek penelitian (N=406) adalah seluruh atlet sepakbola pemula Kota Banda Aceh. Metode pengembangan alat ukur ini dilakukan dengan dua kegiatan, yaitu: adaptasi instrumen, dan pengumpulan butir baru melalui item pool dan screening of item pool (Q-sort). Selanjutnya alat ukur ini diujicobakan melalui dua tahap, yakni uji coba tahap pertama dilakukan pada 406 atlet klub sepakbola pemula, dan uji coba tahap kedua dilakukan pada 1000 atlet klub sepakbola Provinsi Aceh. Data dianalisis melalui pem-buktian validitas dan estimasi reliabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validitas berada pada kategori baik, dan reliabilitas skala kecemasan pada kategori cukup, dan skala kecemasan olahraga yang terdiri atas 4 faktor dan 35 butir pernyataan ini dapat dipakai untuk mengukur kecemasan olahraga.

Kata kunci: pengembangan, alat ukur, kecemasan olahraga

______________________________________________________________

SPORTS DEVELOPMENT TOOLS MEASURING ANXIETY Abstract

The aim of this research is to develop standardized instrument with a good validity and reliability to measure sport anxiety which is suitable to local conditions in Indonesia. Subjects of the research were (N =406) beginner soccer players from Banda Aceh Municipality. The development of this measurement tool was conducted through two activities, namely instrument adaptation, and collection of new items through item pooling and screening of the item pool (Q-sort). Then the instrument was validated throught two phases, firstly on 406 beginner soccer players, and secondly, on 1000 soccer players from Aceh Province. Data were analysed through validity and reliability testing and factor analysis. Results show either the validity or the reliability level of anxiety scale was high enough, and that the sport anxiety scale comprising four factors and 35 items could be used to measure sport anxiety.

Keywords: development, measurement tool, sport anxiety

First Page

325

Last Page

347

Issue

1

Volume

16

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.21831/pep.v16i1.1120

References

Anshel, M. H. (1997). Sport psychology: From theory to practice. Scottsdale, AZ: Gorsuch Scarisbrick.

Cratty, B. J. (1973). Psychology in contemporary sport. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.

Costin, F., & Draguns, J. G. (1989). Abnormal psychology: Patterns, issues, and inventions. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Dunn, J. G. H., Wilson, P., & Syroruik, D. G. (2000). Reexamining the factorial composition and factor structure of the sport anxiety scale. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 22, 183-193.

Gorsuch, R. L. (1983). Factor analyses (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Gunarsa, S. D. (1989). Psikologi olahraga. Jakarta: PT. Gunung Mulia.

Gunarsa, S. D. (2004, May 8). Latihan mental terlupakan [Online]. Retrieved July 8, 2004, from http://www.kompas.com/kompas%2Dcetak/0405/08/or/1013124.htm

Hadi, S. (1991). Analisis butir untuk instrumen angket tes dan skala nilai dengan Basic. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.

Hardy, L., Jones, G., & Gould, D. (1996). Understanding psychology preparation for sport: Theory and practice of elite performers. Chichester: Wiley.

Martens, R., Vealey, R. S., & Burton, D. (1990). Competitive Anxiety in Sport. Champaign, Illinois: Human Kinetics.

Messick, S. (1989). Validity. In R. L. Linn (Ed.), Education measurement (3rd ed., pp. 131-7). New York: American Council on Education.

Mutohir, T. C. (1986). The Development and examination of student evaluation of teaching effectiveness in an Indonesian higher education setting. Unpublished thesis, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.

Mutohir, T. C. (1987). Laporan penelitian pengembangan instrumen evaluasi efektifitas pengajaran di perguruan tinggi (suatu rintisan). Surabaya: Pusat Penelitian IKIP Surabaya, Depdikbud.

Mutohir, T. C. (1994). Evaluasi keefektivan pengajaran studi kasus di IKIP Surabaya.

Nie, N. H., Hull, C. H., Jenkins, J. G., Steinbrenner, K., & Bent, D. H. (1975). Statistical package for social sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Pedhazur, E. J., & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Sample, J. A. (1984). Nominal group technique: An alternative to brainstorming. Journal of Extension, 22(2). Retrieved July 8, 2064, from http://www.joe.org/foe1984march/iw2.html

Setyobroto, S. (1989). Psikologi olahraga. Jakarta: Anem Kosong Anem.

Sroufe, L. Alan, Cooper, Robert G., & DeHart, G. B. (n.d.). Child development, Its nature and course. New York: McGraw-Hill.

Smith, R. E., & Sarason, I. G. (1993). Psychology: The frontiers of behavior. New York: Harper & Row Publisher.

Smith, R. E., Smoll, F. L., & Schutz, R. W. (1990). Measurement and correlates of sport-specific cognitive and somatic trait anxiety: The sport anxiety scale. Anxiety Research, 2, 263-280.

Spielberger, C. S. (1972). Theory and research on anxiety: Anxiety behavior. Academic Press.

Stodolsky, S. (1985). Telling math: Origin of math aversion and anxiety. Educational Psychologist, 3, 125-133.

Download

Share

COinS