•  
  •  
 

REID (Research and Evaluation in Education)

Keywords

barriers to learning, educators, inclusivity, learners, teaching

Document Type

Article

Abstract

Inclusive learning compels all public schools to accommodate all learners and imple­ment curricula that meet their needs. This study explored strategies for creating inclu­sive learning for learners who experience barriers to learning. Most of the literature on inclusive learning in schools has discussed the tension between theoretical approaches and the practical achievements of inclusive learning during teaching and learning. Furthermore, the local literature has demonstrated that educators try to modify and differentiate the existing curriculum with no tangible results for learners experiencing barriers to learning and not comprehending the content of the curriculum. This gene­ric interpretive qualitative case study was conducted in the uMgungundlovu District (KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa), using semi-structured interviews with four teachers selected from four primary schools. Observations were conducted during tea­ching and learning, and documents were reviewed. The themes were derived and used through thematic data analysis to yield the study findings and draw conclusions. The study results indicated a shift toward inclusive learning, whereby learners experiencing barriers to learning can learn and better comprehend the curriculum's content through role-play, constructing objects, and drawing. Therefore, learners experiencing barriers to learning felt part of the teaching and learning process and could transform their contextual affordance into actions, which sheds light on their education journey.

Page Range

130-140

Issue

2

Volume

9

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

10.21831/reid.v9i2.64913

Source

https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/reid/article/view/64913

References

Adom, D., Chukwuere, J. E., Dake, A. D., & Newton, J. P. (2019). Problem learners in selected elementary schools in Ghana: Toward understanding, prevention and action. Asia-Pacific Journal of Research in Early Childhood Education, 13(1), 107-129. https://doi.org/10.17206/apjrece.2019.13.1.107

Anderson, J., & Boyle, C. (2019). Looking in the mirror: Reflecting on 25 years of inclusive education in Australia. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 23(7-8), 796-810. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2019.1622802

Brennan, A., King, F., & Travers, J. (2021). Supporting the enactment of inclusive pedagogy in a primary school. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 25(13), 1540-1557. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2019.1625452

Casserly, A. M., Tiernan, B., & Maguire, G. (2019). Primary teachers' perceptions of multi-grade classroom grouping practices to support inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 34(5), 617-631. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2019.1580835

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2011). Research methods in education. Routledge.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design. Sage Publication.

Dalton, E. M., Lyner-Cleophas, M., Ferguson B., & McKenzie, J. (2019). Inclusion, universal design and universal design for learning in higher education: South Africa and the United States. African Journal of Disability, 8(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.4102/ajod.v8i0.519

Department of Education. (2001). Education white paper 6. Special needs education. Building an inclusive education and training system. Government Printers. https://www.vvob.org/files/publicaties/rsa_education_white_paper_6.pdf

Domagała-Zyśk, E., & Knopik, T. (2022). Attitudes toward inclusion among polish primary school teachers: A strategic factor in implementing inclusive education. Multidisciplinary Journal of School Education, 11(1-21), 211-233. https://doi.org/10.35765/mjse.2022.1121.11

Dorji, R., Bailey, J., Paterson, D., Graham, L., & Miller, J. (2021). Bhutanese teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 25(5), 545-564. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2018.1563645

du Plooy-Cilliers, F., Davis, C., & Bezuidenhout, R. (2014). Research matters. Jutta & Company.

Engelbrecht, P., Nel, M., Smit, S., & Van Deventer, M. (2016). The idealism of education policies and the realities in schools: The implementation of inclusive education in South Africa. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 20(5), 520-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2015.1095250

Florian, L., & Beaton, M. (2018). Inclusive pedagogy in action: Getting it right for every child. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 22(8), 870-884. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2017.141251

Forlin, C., & Sin, K. F. (2017). In-service teacher training for inclusion. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Education. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.013.161

Hankebo, T. A. (2018). Being a deaf and a teacher: Exploring the experiences of deaf teachers in inclusive classrooms. International Journal of Instruction, 11(3), 477-490. https://doi.org/10.12973/iji.2018.11333a

Hlalele, D., Jiyane, Z., & Radebe, S. (2020). School-based support team members' understanding of curriculum differentiation and enhancement in rural South Africa: A narrative inquiry. Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 17(3), 143-156.

Ireri, B. R., King'endo, M., Wangila, E., & Thuranira, S. (2020). Policy strategies for effective implementation of inclusive education in Kenya. International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies, 12(1), 28-42. https://doi.org/10.5897/IJEAPS2019.0622

Kilinc, S., Farrand, K., Chapman, K., Kelley, M., Millinger, J., & Adams, K. (2017). Expanding opportunities to learn to support inclusive education through drama“enhanced literacy practices. British Journal of Special Education, 44(4), 431-447. https://doi.org/0.1111/1467-8578.12186

Kourkoutas, E., Hart, A. Kassis, W. & Graaf, U. (2017). A resilience-based program to promote reflective and inclusive teaching practices in Greece during austerity. In H. I. Amzat, & N. Valdez (Eds.), Teacher Professional Knowledge and Development for Reflective and Inclusive Practices (pp. 168-178). Routledge.

Kurniawati, F. (2021). Exploring teachers' inclusive education strategies in rural Indonesian primary schools. Educational Research, 63(2), 198-211. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2021.1915698

Kuyini, A. B., Desai, I., & Sharma, U. (2020). Teachers' self-efficacy beliefs, attitudes and concerns about implementing inclusive education in Ghana. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 24(14), 1509-1526. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2018.1544298

Majoko, T. (2019). Teacher key competencies for inclusive education: tapping pragmatic realities of Zimbabwean special needs education teachers. Sage Open, 9(1), 2158244018823455. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018823455

Makoelle, T. M., & Burmistrova, V. (2020). Funding inclusive education for equity and social justice in South African schools. South African Journal of Education, 40(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v40n4a2037

Mampane, M. R. (2020). Academic resilience of adolescents in township school contexts of poorly implemented inclusive education policy. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 17(3), 82-99. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76281

McKenzie, J. (2021). Intellectual disability in inclusive education in South Africa: Curriculum challenges. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(1), 53-57. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12337

Muthukrishna, N., & Engelbrecht, P. (2018). Decolonising inclusive education in lower income, Southern African educational contexts. South African Journal of Education, 38(4), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.15700/saje.v38n4a1701

Page, A., Mavropoulou, S., & Harrington, I. (2022). Culturally responsive inclusive education: The value of the local context. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 69(4), 1313-1326. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912x.2020.1757627

Pit“ten Cate, I. M., Schwab, S., Hecht, P., & Aiello, P. (2019). Teachers' attitudes and self“efficacy beliefs with regard to inclusive education. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 19(S1), 3-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12480

Schuelka, M. J. (2019). Advancing a comparative case study approach towards education and disability research: An example from Bhutan. In N. Singal, P. Lynch & S. T. Johansson (Eds.). Education and disability in the global south: New perspectives from Africa and Asia (pp. 89-106). Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781474291231.ch-005

Spratt, J., & Florian, L. (2015). Inclusive pedagogy: From learning to action. supporting each individual in the context of 'everybody'. Teaching and Teacher Education, 49, 89-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2015.03.006

Tomlinson, S. (2017). A sociology of special and inclusive education: Exploring the manufacture of inability. Routledge.

UNESCO. (1994). Salamanca statement and framework for action on special education needs. UNESCO. https://www.european-agency.org/sites/default/files/salamanca-statement-and-framework.pdf

UNESCO. (2000). Education for all: Meeting our collective commitments. Notes on the Dakar framework for action. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000121147

UNESCO. (2009). Inclusive education: The way of the future. Final report of the international conference of education (48th Session). UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000161565_eng

United Nations General Assembly. (2015). Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 11 September 2015. United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/migration/generalassembly/docs/globalcompact/A_RES_70_1_E.pdf

Walton, E. (2018). Decolonising (through) inclusive education? Educational Research for Social Change, 7, 31-45. https://doi.org/10.17159/2221“4070/2018/v7i0a3

Walton, E., Andrews, D., & Osman, R. (2019). Professional judgment in and for complex social and educational contexts. Southern African Review of Education with Education with Production, 25(1), 5-15. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-1877c03ed6

Zabeli, N., Perolli Shehu, B., & Anderson, J. A. (2021). The understanding of inclusive education in Kosovo: Legal and empirical arguments. CEPS Journal, 11(3), 119-139. https://doi.org/10.25656/01:23402

Zulfiqar, B., Shahinujjaman, M., & Hossain, N. (2018). Inclusive education in Bangladesh: Digging deeper into educational prospects of children with disabilities in Bangladesh. European Journal of Education, 1(1), 36-48.https://revistia.org/files/articles/ejed_v1_i1_18/Bushra.pdf

Share

COinS