Authors should list all relevant affiliations to identify where the research was approved, supported, and/or conducted. If an author has moved to a different institution prior to publication of the article, they should list the institution where the research was conducted and include a note indicating their current affiliation. If an author has no current relevant institutional affiliation, they should state their independent status.

Affiliations should accurately reflect the institution where the research was approved, supported, and conducted. Improper submission of affiliations is considered an offence, and the journal will address the issue by contacting the relevant institution to help resolve the issue.

The journal follows the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) regarding appeals against editors' decisions and complaints about the management of the journal's peer review process. We welcome sincere appeals against editors' decisions. However, you must provide strong evidence or new data/information that addresses the comments of the editors and reviewers.

All complaints, concerns, or appeals regarding authorship issues or the peer review process, including those that arise after publication, should be addressed to the Editor-in-Chief. They will address the issue by first gathering information from all relevant parties and then proposing a resolution in accordance with the academic ethical standards set by COPE. During this process, submissions may be suspended until the issue is resolved. If the Editor-in-Chief is involved in the complaint, the Editorial Board, led by a senior member, will investigate the matter and recommend appropriate action.

Editors usually do not expect frequent appeals and rarely reverse their initial decision. If your manuscript is rejected, it is generally advisable to submit it to another journal. Rejection decisions often reflect the editor's judgement about the priority and significance of the manuscript—factors that cannot usually be addressed through an appeal. However, if you believe that there are valid grounds for appeal, please follow the guidelines outlined above.

Individuals who have made significant contributions in the development of the manuscript but do not meet the criteria to be authors should be recognised in the 'Acknowledgements' section. This includes those who provided substantial assistance in matters such as general supervision, acquisition of funding, study design, data collection, data analysis, technical support, format-related writing assistance, or valuable scientific discussions that significantly shaped the article.

Organisations that provided financial support or other resources should also be acknowledged. Authors are responsible for notifying and obtaining permission from individuals they wish to acknowledge. This process should involve sharing the article with the individual so they can confirm the context in which their contribution is recognised.

Groups or individuals who made material contributions to the study but are not eligible for authorship can be listed under categories such as "research collaborators" or "contributing investigators," with a description of their specific role, such as "provided expert advice," "reviewed study design," "assisted with data collection," or "provided care to study participants." As inclusion of these individuals may imply endorsement of the study findings and conclusions, they must provide written permission to be recognised.

Authorship

The corresponding (submitting) author is solely responsible for communicating with the journal and with managing communication between co-authors. Before submission, the corresponding author ensures that all authors are included in the author list, its order has been agreed by all authors, and that all authors are aware that the paper was submitted.

Change of Authorship

Informasi’s policy on authorship does not support adding or removing of names once the article has been submitted to Informasi and has completed the review process. However, a request for a change to the authorship can be considered by the Chief in Editor if the Corresponding author of the manuscript addresses the following concerns:

• Reason why new author(s) names have been added?
• What relevance these newly suggested author(s) have on this article? Provide their background.
• What have these new authors contributed to this research you intend to publish in Informasi?
• Why weren’t their name(s) included at the time of initial submission of your article?

In addition, a letter must also be provided from all the authors stating that they have no objection to the additional names to be added.

Co-Authorship

All Co-Authors of papers should have made significant contributions to the work and share accountability for the results. Authorship and credit should be shared in proportion to the various parties' contributions.

Informasi should consider issuing a correction if:

• A small part of an otherwise reliable publication reports flawed data or proves to be misleading, especially if this is the result of honest error.
• The Author or Contributor list is incorrect (e.g. a deserving Author has been omitted or someone who does not meet authorship criteria has been included).

Corrections to peer-reviewed content fall into one of three categories:

• Publisher correction (erratum): to notify readers of an important error made by publishing/journal staff (usually a production error) that has a negative impact on the publication record or the scientific integrity of the article, or on the reputation of the Authors or the journal.
• Author correction (corrigendum): to notify readers of an important error made by the Authors which has a negative impact on the publication record or the scientific integrity of the article, or on the reputation of the Authors or the journal.
• Addendum: an addition to the article by its Authors to explain inconsistencies, to expand the existing work, or otherwise explain or update the information in the main work.

The decision whether a correction should be issued is made by the Editor(s) of a journal, sometimes with advice from Reviewers or Editorial Board members. Handling Editors will contact the Authors of the paper concerned with a request for clarification, but the final decision about whether a correction is required and if so which type rests with the Editors.

In an extremely limited number of cases, it may be necessary to remove a published article from our online platform. This will only happen if an article is clearly defamatory, infringes others’ legal rights, or where the article is, or we have good reason to expect that it will be, the subject of a court order, or where the article, if acted upon, may pose a serious health risk. In such circumstances, while the metadata (i.e. title and author information) of the article will be retained, the text will be replaced with a screen indicating that the article has been removed for legal reasons.

The papers published in Informasi will be considered for retraction if:

• They have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g. data fabrication) or honest error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error).
• The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification (i.e. cases of redundant publication).
• It constitutes plagiarism.
• It reports unethical research.

The mechanism of retraction follows the Retraction Guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), which can be accessed at COPE Retraction Guidelines.

In cases where an article, if acted upon, may pose a serious health risk, the Authors of the original paper may wish to retract the flawed original and replace it with a corrected version. Under such circumstances, the above procedures for retraction will be followed with the difference that the article retraction notice will contain a link to the corrected re-published article together with a history of the document.

The author is not allowed to withdraw submitted manuscripts, because the withdrawal is a waste of valuable resources that editors and referees spent a great deal of time processing the submitted manuscript, and works invested by the publisher. If the author requests the withdrawal of his/her manuscript when the manuscript is still in the peer-reviewing process, the author will be punished by paying $200 USD per manuscript.

If the withdrawal of the manuscript happens after the manuscript is accepted for publication, the author will be punished by paying $250 USD per manuscript.

If an article has been published as "Article in Press" (articles that have been accepted for publication but which has not been formally published), it may be withdrawn for reasons such as errors, duplicates, or violations of publishing ethics. In this case, the author will be punished by paying $300 USD per manuscript.

Who Can Submit?

Anyone may submit an original manuscript for consideration in Jurnal Informasi, provided they either own the copyright to the work or have been authorized by the copyright owner(s) to submit the manuscript. Authors retain initial copyright ownership of their works prior to publication. However, in some cases, if authors have agreed to transfer copyright as a condition of employment, this may affect their copyright status.

User Rights

Jurnal Informasi is an Open Access journal. Users are permitted to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles under the following conditions:

The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license allows for the sharing, copying, redistributing, and adaptation of the licensed material for any purpose, even commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original creator. Additionally, any new creations based on the licensed material must be distributed under the same license terms. This ensures that derivative works will also be freely available for use and modification, thus promoting the sharing of knowledge and creativity. For more detailed information, please refer to the official license text on the Creative Commons

Each published article will include a copyright statement reflecting this policy.

Author Rights

OPTION 1:

This journal uses a non-exclusive licensing agreement. Authors will assign copyright to… beside publishing and distribution rights.

OPTION 2:

The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright, and to retain publishing rights without any restrictions. This journal uses a non-exclusive licensing agreement.

Photographs, Videos, and Audio Recordings

Photographs, videos, or audio recordings that reveal the identity of study participants may only be included if consent has been obtained from them (or their next of kin if participants are deceased; parents or guardians if they are underage or considered vulnerable) for publication. Authors must be mindful of cultural sensitivities and restrictions related to images included in their manuscripts. For instance, images of human remains or deceased individuals may be restricted in some cultures, and appropriate ethical guidelines should be followed by considering the views and approval processes of the relevant communities.

Experimental images, including microscopy, should accurately represent the original content. If images have been modified or enhanced, this must be clearly stated with a full explanation in the manuscript and in the figure legend to avoid misleading readers about the images’ content. Authors should be prepared to provide the original, unedited, unannotated, and unprocessed images to the journal editorial office upon request.

Modifications are acceptable only if they are minor and applied uniformly across the entire image. Authors must provide details on the image collection methods and any processes involved in modifying the images, including the name and version number of the software used. Modifications that could alter the scientific interpretation of the image are not permitted.

Images or figures obtained from previously published sources may only be reused if appropriate permissions for reuse have been obtained from the copyright owner. A statement confirming this must be included in the figure legend. The original source of the image must be cited, even if the image or figure is not under copyright, or if reuse is permitted under a license that allows unrestricted reuse.

Research Data Policy

The Management Dynamics Journal promotes data sharing to support transparency, reproducibility, and the growth of knowledge in the academic community. We acknowledge the significance of making data accessible to fellow researchers while taking ethical and legal considerations into account. Accordingly, we have outlined the following guidelines for including data statements in submitted manuscripts:

Data Sharing Expectations:

Authors are encouraged to make their data publicly available whenever feasible, unless restricted by privacy, confidentiality, or legal constraints. Data sharing should be done in a way that allows for verification of findings and the potential reuse of data in future research.

Data Availability Statements:

Authors must provide a Data Availability Statement in their manuscripts. This statement should clearly indicate where the data that support the study’s findings can be accessed or provide an explanation if data cannot be shared. Below are examples of acceptable Data Availability Statements:

1. Data Available in a Public Repository:

The datasets generated or analyzed in this study are available in the [NAME] repository, accessible through [PERSISTENT LINK TO DATASETS].

2. Data Available on Request:

The datasets generated or analyzed in this study can be requested from the corresponding author under reasonable conditions.

3. No Data Available:

No datasets were generated or analyzed during this study.

Authors are required to disclose all sources of funding for their research, including any financial support, within their manuscript. This includes identifying any funding organizations or sponsors that contributed to the research. Authors should also provide a description of the role, if any, that the sponsor(s) played during the different phases of the study, including design, data collection, analysis, interpretation, or preparation of the manuscript for publication. If the sponsor(s) had no involvement in these aspects, authors should clearly state that as well. It is crucial to ensure that this information is accurate, transparent, and adheres to any specific requirements set forth by the funding entity.

The intent behind this requirement is to provide transparency regarding the influence of funding on the research, thereby helping readers and reviewers assess any potential biases. This helps maintain the integrity of the research process and ensures that conflicts of interest are fully disclosed, thereby enhancing trust in the findings presented.

Images and figures should only be used in your article when they are directly relevant and add meaningful value to the research being reported. Refrain from including content that is merely illustrative without contributing to the scholarly significance of the work.

As part of the warranty in the Journal Author Publishing Agreement, authors must secure the necessary written permissions for any third-party content included in their article. This may include proprietary text, illustrations, tables, data, audio, video, film stills, screenshots, musical notation, and other supplementary materials.

Photographs, videos, or audio recordings that could reveal the identity of patients or research participants can only be included if explicit consent is obtained. If participants are deceased, their next of kin must provide consent, while for minors or vulnerable individuals, permission must be obtained from their parents or guardians. This consent must allow for the inclusion of these materials in the publication.

Authors must also be mindful of cultural sensitivities or restrictions related to the images used in their manuscripts. For instance, images of human remains or deceased individuals may be subject to cultural restrictions in some communities. It is important to respect ethical guidelines and seek input from the affected communities to align with their values and approval processes.

Experimental images, including those produced through microscopy, must represent the original image accurately. If modifications or enhancements are made, these changes must be clearly described both in the manuscript and in the figure legend to prevent misleading readers regarding what the images depict. Authors should also be prepared to provide the original, uncropped, unannotated, and unprocessed versions of these images upon request by the journal’s editorial office.

Modifications are permissible only if they are minor and do not alter the scientific content or interpretation of the image. Authors must provide details of any image-gathering techniques and the processing steps applied, including the software name and version used. Any modifications that might alter the scientific interpretation of the image are strictly prohibited.

If images or figures are borrowed from other published sources, the authors must obtain the necessary permissions from the copyright holders. A statement acknowledging this must be included in the figure legend. Additionally, the original source of the image must be properly cited, even if the image is not copyrighted or if it falls under a license that allows unrestricted reuse.

The journal takes all forms of misconduct seriously and will take necessary actions in accordance with COPE guidelines to uphold the integrity of the scholarly record. Examples of misconduct include (but are not limited to):

• Misrepresentation of affiliations
• Copyright violations/use of third-party material without proper permissions
• Citation manipulation
• Duplicate submission/publication
• "Ethics dumping"
• Image or data manipulation/fabrication
• Peer review manipulation
• Plagiarism
• Text recycling/self-plagiarism
• Undisclosed competing interests
• Unethical research practices

Manuscripts found to be published elsewhere or under review elsewhere will face sanctions for duplicate submission/publication. If authors have used previously published work or work currently under review as the basis for a submitted manuscript, they must cite the prior work and explain how their submission offers new contributions beyond those of the previous work.

Manuscripts found to include citations primarily aimed at increasing the number of citations to a specific author's work or to articles published in a particular journal will face sanctions for citation manipulation.

Manuscripts found to have fabricated or falsified experimental results, including the manipulation of images, will incur sanctions for data fabrication and falsification.

All listed authors must have made a significant scientific contribution to the research in the manuscript and approved all claims made in it. It is important to include everyone who made a significant scientific contribution, including students and laboratory technicians.

Redundant publications involve the inappropriate division of study outcomes into multiple articles.

Deliberate manipulation or fabrication of images is a serious form of misconduct, as it is designed to mislead others and undermine the integrity of the scholarly record with broad and long-term consequences. The journal expects all images in manuscripts to be accurate and free from manipulation. Specific features within an image should not be enhanced, obscured, moved, removed, or introduced without adequate notification of the changes. Adjustments to brightness, contrast, or color balance are acceptable if they do not obscure, eliminate, or misrepresent information in the original image. Grouping images from different parts of gels, western blots, or microscopy images must be clearly indicated in the figure arrangement or figure legend.

If original, unedited images cannot be provided upon request, the manuscript or paper may be declined or retracted.