Keywords
eritrosit, hematokrit, hemoglobin, VO2max, HIIT
Document Type
Article
Abstract
Kebugaran kardiorespirasi memungkinkan aktivitas fisik dalam waktu lama dan memerlukan oksigen untuk mendapatkan energi. Transpor oksigen dimediasi oleh hemoglobin yang terdapat dalam eritrosit. Kebugaran kardiorespirasi dapat diukur berdasarkan nilai VO2max. Metode latihan High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) terbukti dapat meningkatkan VO2max. Namun belum jelas apakah peningkatan VO2max diiringi dan berhubungan dengan perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit. Penelitian ini mempelajari korelasi perubahan nilai VO2max, hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit sebelum dan sesudah latihan HIIT selama 8 minggu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, VO2max meningkat sebesar 7,33±4,03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) atau 20,36% (p<0,05), hemoglobin dan eritrosit meningkat sebesar 0,04±0,63 atau 0,24% (p>0,05) dan 0,02±0,22·106/µL atau 0,32% (p>0,05) sedangkan hematokrit mengalami penurunan sebesar 0,12±2% dari volume darah atau 0,27% (p>0,05) dari nilai pre-test. Uji korelasi menunjukkan ada hubungan (p<0,05) antara perubahan nilai hemoglobin, eritrosit dan hematokrit, namun tidak terdapat hubungan (p>0,05) dengan peningkatan VO2max.
Correlation of Change in VO2Max, Hemoglobin, Erythrocytes, and Hematocrit After High Intensity Interval Training
Abstract
Cardiorespiratory fitness allows physical activity for a long time and requires oxygen to gain energy. Oxygen transport mediated by hemoglobin present in erythrocytes. Cardiorespiratory fitness can be measured based on VO2max values. High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) have been shown to improve VO2max. It is not clear whether the increase in VO2max is accompanied and associated with changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values. This study aim to find out the correlation of VO2max, hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit changes before and after HIIT for 8 weeks. The results VO2max increased by 7.33±4.03 (ml·kg-1·min-1) or 20.36% (p<0.05), hemoglobin and erythrocytes increased by 0.04±0.63 or 0.24% (p>0.05) and 0.02±0.22·106/μL or 0.32% (p>0.05) whereas the hematocrit decreased by 0.12±2% of blood volume or 0.27% (p>0.05) of the pre-test value. The correlation test showed a correlation (p<0.05) between changes in hemoglobin, erythrocyte and hematocrit values, but no relationship (p>0.05) with increased VO2max.
Page Range
161-170
Issue
2
Volume
5
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
10.21831/jk.v5i2.14875
Source
https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jolahraga/article/view/14875
Recommended Citation
Putra, K. P., Ardha, M. A., Kinasih, A., & Aji, R. S. (2017). Korelasi perubahan nilai VO2max, eritrosit, hemoglobin dan hematokrit setelah latihan high intensity interval training. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 5(2), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v5i2.14875
References
Bacon, A. P., Carter, R. E., Ogle, E. A., & Joyner, M. J. (2013). VO2max trainability and high intensity interval training in humans: a meta-analysis. PloS One, 8(9), e73182. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073182
Bassett, D. R., & Howley, E. T. (2000). Limiting factors for maximum oxygen uptake and determinants of endurance performance. Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine, 32(1), 70-84.
Bassett, D. R. J. R., & Howley, E. T. (1997). Maximal oxygen uptake: "classical" versus"contemporary" viewpoints. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 29(5). Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/acsm-msse/Fulltext/1997/05000/Maximal_oxygen_uptake___classical_.2.aspx
Boutcher, S. H. (2011). High-intensity intermittent exercise and fat loss. Journal of Obesity, 2011, 868305. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/868305
Czuba, M., Zając, A., Maszczyk, A., Roczniok, R., Poprzęcki, S., Garbaciak, W., & Zając, T. (2013). The effects of high intensity interval training in normobaric hypoxia on aerobic capacity in basketball players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 39, 103-14. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2013-0073
Danis, D. (2013). Kamus Istilah Kedokteran. Bandung: Gitamedia Press.
Dlugosz, E. M., Chappell, M. A., Meek, T. H., SzafraÅ„ska, P. A., Zub, K., Konarzewski, M., "¦ Garland, T. (2013). Phylogenetic analysis of mammalian maximal oxygen consumption during exercise. Journal of Experimental Biology, 216(24).
Foss, M. L., & Keteyian, S. J. (1998). Physiological Basis for Exercise and Sport (6th ed.). USA: WCB/McGraw-Hill Companies.
Foster, C., Farland, C. V, Guidotti, F., Harbin, M., Roberts, B., Schuette, J., "¦ Porcari, J. P. (2015). The Effects of High Intensity Interval Training vs Steady State Training on Aerobic and Anaerobic Capacity. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 14(4), 747-55. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26664271
Foster, C., Wright, G., Battista, R. A., & Porcari, J. P. (2007). Training in the aging athlete. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 6(3), 200-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11932-007-0029-4
Gibala, M. J., Little, J. P., MacDonald, M. J., & Hawley, J. A. (2012). Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease. The Journal of Physiology, 590(5), 1077-1084. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2011.224725
Gomez-Cabrera, M. C., Ferrando, B., Brioche, T., Sanchis-Gomar, F., & Viña, J. (2013). Exercise and antioxidant supplements in the elderly. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 2(2), 94-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2013.03.007
Guyton, A. C., & Hall, J. E. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology (11th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc.
Helgerud, J., Hoydal, K., Wang, E., Karlsen, T., Berg, P., Bjerkaas, M., "¦ Hoff, J. (2007). Aerobic High-Intensity Intervals Improve VO2max More Than Moderate Training. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 39(4), 665-671. https://doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e3180304570
Jabbour, G., Iancu, H.-D., & Paulin, A. (2015). Effects of High-Intensity Training on Anaerobic and Aerobic Contributions to Total Energy Release During Repeated Supramaximal Exercise in Obese Adults. Sports Medicine - Open, 1(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-015-0035-7
Kang, J. (2014). Which comes first? Resistence before aerobic exercise or vice versa? Health & Fitness Journal, 18(1), 9-14.
Kravitz, L. (2011). High-Intensity Interval Training - A Review of Physiological and Psychological Responses. American College of Sports Medicine, 18(5), 1-2. Retrieved from https://www.acsm.org/docs/brochures/high-intensity-interval-training.pdf
Leger, L. A., Mercier, D., Gadoury, C., & Lambert, J. (1988). The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. Journal of Sports Sciences, 6(2), 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640418808729800
Liang, H., & Ward, W. F. (2006). PGC-1?: a key regulator of energy metabolism. AJP: Advances in Physiology Education, 30(4), 145-151. https://doi.org/10.1152/advan.00052.2006
Margonato, V. (2008). Effects of training on cardiorespiratory fitness and lipidic profile of paraplegics. Sport Sciences for Health, 3(1-2), 7-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-008-0055-5
Milanovic, Z., Sporis, G., & Weston, M. (2015). Effectiveness of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) and Continuous Endurance Training for VO2max Improvements: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials. Sports Medicine, 45(10), 1469-1481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0365-0
O'Brien, K. K., Tynan, A.-M., Nixon, S. A., & Glazier, R. H. (2016). Effectiveness of aerobic exercise for adults living with HIV: systematic review and meta-analysis using the Cochrane Collaboration protocol. BMC Infectious Diseases, 16(1), 182. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1478-2
Paradisis, G. P., Zacharogiannis, E., Mandila, D., Smirtiotou, A., Argeitaki, P., & Cooke, C. B. (2014). Multi-Stage 20-m Shuttle Run Fitness Test, Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Velocity at Maximal Oxygen Uptake. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41(1), 81-87. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0035
Plowman, S. A., & Smith, D. L. (2008). Exercise Physiology for Health, Fitness and Performance (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Poole, D. C., Wilkerson, D. P., & Jones, A. M. (2008). Validity of criteria for establishing maximal O2 uptake during ramp exercise tests. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 102(4), 403-410. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0596-3
Purwanto, B., & Irwadi, I. (2014). Panduan Praktis Belajar Statistik. Surabaya: PT Revka Petra Media.
Putra, K. P. (2013). Pengaruh Program Pelatihan Fisik Militer Terhadap Peningkatan VO2max Siswa Pendidikan Pertama Tamtama Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut (Studi di Puslatdiksarmil Kobangdikal Surabaya). Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 1(1). Retrieved from http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-kesehatan-olahraga/article/view/1922
Roy, B. A. (2013). High-Intensity Interval Training. ACSM's Health & Fitness Journal, 17(3), 3. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0b013e31828cb21c
Sastroasmoro, S., & Ismael, S. (2011). Dasar-dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis (4th ed.). Jakarta: Sagung Seto.
Sherwood, L. (2015). Fisiologi Manusia: Dari Sel ke Sistem. (D. R. Herman Octavius Ong, Albertus Agung Mahode, Ed.) (8th ed.). Jakarta: EGC.
Van Dijk, J. (2009). Chapter 3 - Common Military Task: Marching (RTO-TR-HFM-080). Utrecht, Netherlands. Retrieved from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?rep=rep1&type=pdf&doi=10.1.1.214.8896
Wagner, P. D. (2000). New ideas on limitations to VO2max. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 28(1), 10-4. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11131681.